I already reported this bug but after some test on the clean skyrim, I found why I was unable to enhance the crossbows : I just needed the smith steel perk ^^'
Thanks to ModOrganiser, I started a new game without any mods (excepts the 3 officials dlc and Skyrim Redone), I rushed helgen, went to a forge and leveled up the marksman tree with console commands but I wasn't able to enhance the crossbows. It seems that the bug is caused by SkyRe itself :/
Ars Metallica (but I tried to disable it and still can't craft the crossbows), the armoniser armor pack and immersives armors (I use a custom ReProccer stats.xml with them)